非手术鼻整形的临床进展

Clinical Progress of Nonsurgical Rhinoplasty

摘要:

非手术鼻整形（液体鼻整形）是发展迅速的微创美容技术，其通过注射填充剂在无切口、恢复期短的条件下改善鼻部形态。自该技术开展以来，其临床适应证已显著扩展，涵盖原发性鼻美学矫正和手术后继发畸形的矫正。该操作安全实施的核心在于掌握鼻部软组织与血管解剖，但鼻部血管解剖复杂且变异大，填充剂误入血管可引发皮肤坏死、视力损害甚至脑栓塞等严重并发症。安全操作有赖于对鼻部血管解剖层次的充分掌握，目前已形成鼻部网格法、五点法等多种标准化注射策略，标准化注射方案进一步提升操作安全性与可重复性。本文综述非手术鼻整形的适应证、解剖基础、注射技术及填充材料选择等临床进展，整合近年相关研究证据，为临床安全规范开展该项目提供参考。

Abstract:

Non-surgical rhinoplasty (liquid rhinoplasty) is a rapidly developing minimally invasive cosmetic technique that improves nasal contour via injectable fillers without surgical incisions and with a short recovery period. With the advancement of this technique, its clinical indications have expanded remarkably, including correction of primary nasal aesthetic deformities and secondary deformities after surgical rhinoplasty. Mastery of nasal soft tissue and vascular anatomy is the cornerstone of safe practice. However, the nasal vascular anatomy is complex with substantial anatomical variations; intravascular injection of fillers may lead to severe complications such as skin necrosis, visual impairment and even cerebral embolism. Adequate understanding of nasal vascular anatomical planes is essential for safe injection. Standardized injection strategies including the nasal grid technique and five-point injection method have been established to improve safety and reproducibility. This article reviews the clinical progress of non-surgical rhinoplasty regarding indications, anatomical basis, injection techniques and filler selection, synthesizing recent evidence to support safe and standardized clinical practice.