变应性真菌性鼻窦炎的诊断与治疗进展

Progress in diagnosis and treatment of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis

摘要:

变应性真菌性鼻窦炎（AFRS）是一种非侵袭性、由免疫介导的慢性鼻窦炎，会引起头痛、嗅觉障碍等一系列症状，严重影响患者的生活质量，且术后复发率极高。本文系统梳理了AFRS在诊断工具、影像学特征、外科干预、常规药物治疗及生物靶向制剂领域的最新研究进展，重点关注该病从传统诊断向分子诊断、从经验性用药向靶向治疗的转型过程，并对多种生物制剂的选择进行了探讨，以期为临床诊断思路与治疗策略提供参考，推动AFRS诊治的规范化与精准化。

Abstract:

Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) is a non-invasive, immune-mediated chronic rhinosinusitis that causes a series of symptoms such as headache and olfactory disorder. AFRS significantly affects patients’ quality of life and has an extremely high postoperative recurrence rate. This paper provides a systematic review of recent advances on AFRS in the fields of diagnostic tools, imaging features, surgical intervention, conventional drug treatment, and biological targeted agents for AFRS. It focuses on the ongoing paradigm shifts: from traditional diagnostics towards molecular diagnostics, and from empirical medical therapy towards targeted therapy. The selection of various biologic agents is also discussed. The aim is to offer clinical insights into diagnostic approaches and therapeutic strategies. It is also expected to promote the standardization and precision of AFRS management.