非手术鼻整形的临床进展

Clinical progress of nonsurgical rhinoplasty

摘要:

非手术鼻整形（液体鼻整形）是发展迅速的微创美容技术，其通过注射填充剂在无切口、恢复期短的前提下改善鼻部形态。自该技术开展以来，其临床适应证已显著扩展，涵盖原发性鼻美学矫正和手术后继发鼻部形态异常的矫正。该操作安全实施的核心在于掌握鼻部软组织与血管解剖，但鼻部血管解剖复杂且变异大，填充剂误入血管可引发皮肤坏死、视力损害甚至脑栓塞等严重并发症。目前已形成鼻部网格法、五点法等多种标准化注射方案，可进一步提升操作安全性与可重复性。本文综述非手术鼻整形的适应证、解剖基础、注射技术及填充材料选择等临床进展，整合近年相关研究证据，为临床安全规范开展该项目提供参考。

Abstract:

Nonsurgical rhinoplasty, also known as liquid rhinoplasty, is a rapidly developing minimally invasive cosmetic technique that improves nasal contour through the injection of fillers, offering correction without surgical incisions and with a short recovery period. With the advancement of this technique, its clinical indications have continuously expanded to include both correction of primary nasal aesthetic deformities and secondary deformities after surgical rhinoplasty. Thorough mastery of nasal soft tissue and vascular anatomy is the cornerstone of safe practice. However, the nasal vascular anatomy is complex with substantial anatomical variations; the intrusion of fillers into blood vessels may lead to severe complications such as skin necrosis, visual impairment and even cerebral embolism. Therefore, various standardized injection protocols such as the nasal grid technique and five-point injection method have been established to enhance procedural safety and reproducibility. This article reviews the clinical progress of nonsurgical rhinoplasty regarding indications, anatomical basis, injection techniques and filler selection, synthesizing up-to-date research evidence to provide guidance for the safe and standardized clinical application of this technique.