头颈部鳞状细胞癌远处转移相关标志物的研究进展

Research progress on markers related to distant metastasis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

摘要:

头颈部鳞状细胞癌(HNSCC)远处转移是临床治疗中的一大挑战，一旦发生远处转移，患者的5年生存率与健康预期寿命将受到严重影响。远处转移是一种受多种因素影响的复杂病理过程。尽管HNSCC的多学科综合治疗模式不断有新的进展，但该病全球发病率仍呈上升趋势，我国确诊病例及死亡人数亦持续增加。因此，预测患者的转移风险并实施积极的预防措施，对于有效治疗该病并提升患者生存率至关重要。HNSCC的远处转移涉及众多临床、病理学指标以及分子水平的异常，至今尚缺乏系统的总结。因此，本文旨在综述与HNSCC远处转移相关的临床病理因素及分子标志物，以期为风险评估和个体化治疗策略提供科学依据。

Abstract:

It is a major clinical challenge for treatment of distant metastasis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC). If distant metastasis occurs, the five-year survival rate and healthy life expectancy of patients will be seriously affected. The complex pathological process of distant metastasis is influenced by multiple factors. Despite the continuous new progress in the multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment model for HNSCC, the global incidence is still on the rise, and incidence and deaths of our country is also increasing. Therefore, predicting the risk of metastasis and implementing the preventive measures are of vital importance for effectively treating this disease and improving the survival rate of patients. So far, there is still a lack of systematic summaries for distant metastasis of HNSCC associated with numerous abnormalities pathological indicators as well as abnormalities at the molecular level. Therefore, the paper aims to review the clinicopathological factors and molecular markers related to distant metastasis of HNSCC. it is expected to provide a scientific basis for risk assessment and individualized treatment strategies.