梅尼埃病与前庭性偏头痛临床特征对比及诊疗进展

Comparison of clinical characteristics for Meniere’s disease vs. vestibular migraine and the progress of their diagnosis and therapy

摘要:

梅尼埃病(MD)和前庭性偏头痛(VM)是临床常见的两种眩晕疾病，二者的临床表现有许多相似之处，均表现为眩晕、听力下降、耳鸣及耳胀满感，致使二者早期鉴别困难。目前缺乏高度特异性的检查或生物学标志物用于区分，临床医生主要依赖Bárány协会指南等临床标准，结合症状时序、基因易感特征等因素进行综合判断。本文从发病机制、临床表现及诊断标准对MD与VM进行对比分析，并对二者的治疗进展进行综述，以期为未来研究提供新的思路与方向。

Abstract:

Meniere’s disease (MD) and vestibular migraine (VM) are two clinically common vertigo disorders. Both conditions present with similar symptoms including vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness, leading to diagnostic challenges in early-stage differentiation. Currently, there is no highly specific diagnostic test or biological marker to differentiate between the two conditions. In clinical practice, clinicians primarily rely on the combination of diagnostic guidelines from the Bárány Society and comprehensive evaluation of temporal characteristics of symptoms, genetic predisposition, and supplementary examinations. This paper provides a comparative analysis of MD and VM regarding their pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic criteria. This review summarizes the therapeutic progress of both conditions, aiming to provide novel insights and directions for future research in this field.