喉癌术前淋巴结转移预测的研究进展

Research progress in preoperative prediction of lymph node metastasis in laryngeal cancer

摘要:

喉癌是否发生淋巴结转移是决定治疗方案和预测患者预后的关键因素。术前准确评估淋巴结状态对于临床决策至关重要。目前，临床主要依赖影像学检查来评估喉癌患者的淋巴结转移情况，但这些方法存在局限性，难以在避免漏诊隐匿性淋巴结转移和避免不必要的过度治疗之间找到平衡点。针对喉癌术前淋巴结转移的预测问题，本文着重从临床外周血、影像学、生物标记物、前哨淋巴结活检等多个角度进行综述，并对包括影像组学、机器学习在内的新技术方法进行总结。

Abstract:

Whether lymph node metastasis occurs in laryngeal cancer is a crucial factor in determining the treatment and predicting the prognosis of patients. Accurate preoperative assessment of the lymph node status is of vital importance for clinical decision-making. Currently, the clinical evaluation of lymph node metastasis in patients with laryngeal cancer mainly relies on imaging examination. However, these methods have limitations, and it is difficult to find a perfect solution for avoiding the missed diagnosis of occult lymph node metastasis without unnecessary overtreatment of lymph node. Regarding the prediction of preoperative lymph node metastasis in laryngeal cancer, this paper focuses on elaborating from multiple perspectives, such as clinical peripheral blood, imaging, biomarkers, sentinel lymph node biopsy, and summarizes new technical methods including radiomics and machine learning.