新生儿先天性耳廓畸形非侵入矫正治疗的时机及临床效果观察

The Observation on Clinical Effect and Timing of Non-Invasive Correction Treatment for Neonatal Congential Auricular Deformity

摘要:

目的 评估非侵入矫正治疗新生儿先天性耳廓畸形的即时及长期效果,探讨患儿治疗时机。方法 选取2021年3月-2023年5月在河南省人民医院耳鼻喉科治疗的138例(187耳)耳廓畸形患儿分为日龄≤7d(组1,69例,98耳)、8-42d(组2,27例,32耳)、43-90d(组3,42例,57耳)三组,比较非侵入治疗后三组即时有效率、长期有效率(治疗结束,随访6个月)、并发症发生率、治疗时间；分析耳廓畸形类型、患儿治疗初始日龄与治疗时间、效果、并发症发生的相关性。结果 小耳畸形2例、垂耳2例、招风耳3例、杯状耳2例无效,5例中途放弃治疗,即时总有效率92.5%；反弹7例(2例垂耳,2例招风耳、3例杯状耳),远期总有效率88.8%。治疗即时有效率组1>组2>组3,P=0.000,差异有统计学意义;治疗时间组1<组2<组3,P=0.039,差异有统计学意义;各组并发症发生率组1<组2<组3,P=0.030,差异有统计学意义。治疗时间、即时效果、并发症与耳廓畸形类型有相关性,P值分别为0.000、0.010,0.011；治疗时间、即时效果、并发症与患儿初始治疗日龄有相关性,P值分别为0.000、 0.000、 0.003。结论 新生儿先天性耳廓畸形非侵入矫正技术即时及远期疗效显著；治疗初始日龄最好应控制在7天内；治疗初始年龄及耳廓畸形类型是影响临床效果、并发症发生、治疗时间的相关性因素。

Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the immediate and long-term effects of non-invasive correction treatment for neonatal congential auricle deformity(CAD), and to discuss the treatment opportunity.Methods A total of 138 cases (187ears) treated in Otolaryngology Department of Henan Provincial People’s Hospital from March 2021. to May 2023 were divided into three groups based on age.i.e..≤7days(Group 1,69 cases,98 ears),8-42days(Group2,27cases,32ears),43-90days(Groups3,42cases,57ears). The treatment time, the rate of immediate effectiveness,the final success rate of effectiveness(after treatment,follow-up was 6 months) and the rate of complications were compared among different age groups.The correlations between the age of initial treatment,type of CAD and time of treatment,immediate effectiveness,complications were analyzed.Results 2 cases of Microtia,2 lop ears,3 prominent ears,2 cup ears were noneffective;5 cases were abandoned treatment halfway.The immediate rate of effective was 92.5%,and the final success rate was 88.8% because of 7 ears were relapsed. The rate of immediate effectiveness indicated Group1 > Group 2> Group 3(P=0.000).The rate of complication was Group1