Abstract:Objective To explore the efficacy of antibiotics and surgical treatment for Staphylococcus infection in children with congenital preauricular fistula. Method Retrospectively collect clinical data of patients with congenital preauricular fistula infection caused by Staphylococcus admitted to our department from June 2016 to June 2024. There were a total of 48 patients, including 16 males and 32 females. Age ranges from 4 months to 18 years, with an average of 5 years and 3 months. According to the type of Staphylococcus, cases were divided into two groups: Staphylococcus aureus group and coagulase negative Staphylococcus group. Compare the differences in postoperative grade B healing and the use of special grade antibiotics between two groups, in order to find a more reasonable choice of antibiotics and surgical outcomes. Results 60.42% (29 cases) of Staphylococcus were coagulase negative Staphylococcus, and 39.58% (19 cases) were Staphylococcus aureus. There were 5 cases of grade B healing in the Staphylococcus aureus group after surgery, and 0 cases in the coagulase negative Staphylococcus group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). There were 4 cases of special grade antibiotics in the Staphylococcus aureus group, and 0 cases in the coagulase negative Staphylococcus aureus group, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Staphylococcus has a sensitivity rate of 100% to linezolid, vancomycin, and compound sulfamethoxazole, and a sensitivity rate of 53.33% to benzylpenicillin. 85.29% of patients with congenital preauricular fistula combined with staphylococcal infection can achieve Grade A healing after treatment with non-specific antibiotics and preauricular fistula resection. 4.17% (2 cases) of patients experienced adverse reactions after using antibiotics, all of which were rash. The antibiotics that cause adverse reactions are compound sulfamethoxazole. Conclusions When children with congenital preauricular fistula are infected with Staphylococcus, coagulase negative Staphylococcus is the main pathogenic bacterium. The use of special grade antibiotics is higher in cases of Staphylococcus aureus infection, and the proportion of grade B healing is higher too. When infected with Staphylococcus aureus, it is recommended to use linezolid, vancomycin, or compound sulfamethoxazole, but caution should be taken against adverse reactions of compound sulfamethoxazole. For this type of patient, a treatment plan of non-specific antibiotics and preauricular fistula resection is recommended.
