腭裂患儿伴分泌性中耳炎的治疗进展

Progress in the treatment of otitis media with effusion in children with cleft palate

摘要:

腭裂是最常见的先天性口腔颌面部畸形，其发病率较高，严重影响患儿听力及语言功能。腭裂患儿常常伴有分泌性中耳炎(OME)，其发病机制主要是由于软腭肌肉组织缺陷致咽鼓管功能障碍，OME可影响患儿的听力，进一步则可导致语音障碍。然而对于腭裂伴OME患儿的治疗方式以及治疗时机目前尚未达成共识，其主要是根据患儿病情的严重程度进行个体化治疗。目前的治疗方式主要包括保守治疗、鼓膜置管(VTI)及其他治疗。本文将对近年来有关腭裂伴OME的患儿在治疗方面,主要包括VTI的治疗时机、特点、并发症以及预后等方面进行综述，从而为临床治疗提供参考。

Abstract:

Cleft palate is the most common congenital oral and maxillofacial deformity. The incidence of cleft palate is high, which seriously affects the hearing and speech function of children. Children with cleft palate often lead to otitis media with effusion(OME). The pathogenesis of children with cleft palate is mainly due to the soft palate muscle tissue defects resulting in eustachian tube dysfunction, OME can affect the hearing of children, and further lead to speech disorders. However, there is no consensus on the treatment mode and timing of cleft palate children with OME. The main treatment of this disease is individualized according to the severity of the child’s condition. Current treatment methods mainly include conservative treatment, Ventilation tube insertion (VTI) and other treatments. This paper reviews the treatment of cleft palate with OME in children in recent years, which mainly includes the treatment timing, characteristics, complications and prognosis of VTI. It will provide some constructive advice for the treatment of this disease.