突发性感音神经性听力损失与环境气象季节的关系

Relationship between of sudden sensorineural hearing loss and environmental meteorology and seasons

摘要:

目的 探讨突发性感音神经性听力损失(SSNHL)与环境气象、季节的相关性。方法 回顾2014年1月—2022年12月于苏北人民医院确诊的SSNHL患者资料，分析该病与空气污染物、气象、季节的关系，进行逐步逻辑回归以确定SSNHL的潜在环境气象危险因素。结果 本研究共纳入SSNHL患者3 602例，男女发病无差异，四季病例分布趋势：秋季>夏季>冬季>春季，方差分析显示四季间SSNHL发病无明显统计学差异；SSNHL发病与PM2.5、PM10、SO₂、平均风速呈负相关(P<0.05)；逐步回归分析显示平均风速、SO₂对SSNHL发病的影响具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 扬州地区SSNHL患者男女发病无差异，秋季为SSNHL高发季节，发病例数最多，SO₂、平均风速是扬州地区SSNHL的潜在环境气象危险因素，临床工作中需要加以关注并预防环境气象对SSNHL的影响。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the correlation between the onset of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and environmental meteorological factors and seasons. Methods Clinical data of the patients diagnosed with SSNHL in Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital from January 2014 to December 2022 were reviewed, the relationship between air pollutants, meteorology, season and the onset of SSNHL was analyzed, and the potential environmental meteorological risk factors of SSNHL were determined by stepwise logistic regression. Results A total of 3 602 patients with SSNHL were included in this study. There was no difference in incidence between male and female. The distribution trend of cases in four seasons was Autumn>Summer>Winter>Spring, and analysis of variance revealed no significant difference in the incidence of SSNHL among four seasons. The incidence of SSNHL was negatively correlated with PM2.5, PM10, SO₂ and average wind speed (P<0.05). Stepwise regression analysis showed that average wind speed and SO₂ had statistically significant effects on the incidence of SSNHL (P<0.05).Conclusions There is no difference in the incidence of SSNHL between male and female in Yangzhou. Autumn is the peak season of SSNHL with the largest number of cases. SO₂ and average wind speed are the potential environmental meteorological risk factors for SSNHL in Yangzhou. It is necessary to pay attention to and prevent the influence of environmental meteorology on SSNHL in clinical work.