先天性外中耳畸形整形再造与功能重建诊疗体系的建设与进展

Construction and progress of the diagnosis and treatment system for plastic and functional reconstruction of congenital external and middle ear malformations

摘要:

先天性外中耳畸形是头面部最常见的出生缺陷之一，临床主要表现为耳廓外观异常，常伴发传导性或混合性听力损失，除需关注外中耳畸形的诊断分类及整形再造外，还要同时考虑听觉功能的评估和重建。本文将从耳廓畸形的分类、耳模矫正、耳整形、耳廓再造、外耳道与中耳畸形的成形和再造以及功能性耳再造技术等方面，具体阐述先天性外中耳畸形功能耳再造诊疗体系的发展、建设历程以及相关技术进展。

Abstract:

Congenital external and middle ear malformations are the most common birth defects of the head and face. The main clinical manifestations are abnormal auricle appearance, often accompanied by conductive or mixed hearing loss. In addition to the diagnosis, classification, and plastic reconstruction of external and middle ear malformations, the assessment and reconstruction of auditory function should also be considered simultaneously. In this paper, the development, construction process and new progress of related technologies of the diagnosis and treatment system for functional ear reconstruction of congenital external and middle ear malformations are elaborated from the aspects of the classification of auricle malformations, auricle molding, otoplasty surgery, auricle reconstruction, plasty and reconstruction techniques of the external auditory canal and middle ear malformations, and functional ear reconstruction techniques.