血管活性肠肽及其受体CRTH2在2型炎症疾病中的作用研究

Research advances in the role of vasoactive intestinal peptide and its receptor CRTH2 in type 2 inflammatory diseases

摘要:

2型炎症是以辅助性T细胞(Th)2、2型固有淋巴样细胞(ILC2)及相关细胞因子，如白细胞介素(IL)-4、IL-5、IL-13、IL-31等为主所介导的炎症，给人们的工作和生活带来沉重负担，亟需找到有效的治疗方法。研究表明，血管活性肠肽(VIP)与2型炎症的发生发展密切相关。VIP是一种广泛分布的神经肽，在神经-免疫轴中发挥了重要作用。Th2表达趋化受体-同源分子(CRTH2)是VIP的受体之一，在2型炎症疾病中表达异常增高，其主要通过激活Th2、ILC 和诱导嗜酸性粒细胞分泌前列腺素(PG) D2，进一步促进Th2型细胞因子分泌增多，使得Th2分化增强来参与2型炎症反应。本文综述了VIP及其受体CRTH2在2型炎症疾病中的作用机制及其治疗的研究进展，希望为相关疾病的诊治提供新的理论依据和思路。

关键词:变应性鼻炎;血管活性肠肽;Th2表达趋化受体-同源分子;2型炎症;靶向治疗

Abstract:

Type 2 inflammation is mainly mediated by Th2 (T helper 2 cells, Th2), type 2 inherent lymphoid cells (ILC2) and related cytokines such as interleukin(IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-31, etc. Type 2 inflammation brings a heavy burden to people’s work and life, and it is urgent to find effective treatment methods. Studies have shown that vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is closely related to the occurrence and development of type 2 inflammation. VIP is a widely distributed neuropeptide that plays an important role in the neuro-immune axis. The chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on Th2 (CRTH2) is one of the receptors of VIP, which is abnormally elevated in type 2 inflammatory diseases. It mainly activates Th2 and ILC2 cells and induces eosinophils to secrete Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), which further promotes the secretion of Th2 cytokines and enhances the differentiation of Th2 cells to participate in type 2 inflammatory. The paper reviews the research progress on the mechanism of action and treatment of VIP and its receptor CRTH2 in type 2 inflammatory diseases. It is hoped to provide new theoretical basis and ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of the related disease.

Key words:Allergic rhinitis;Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP);CRTH2;Type 2 inflammation;Targeted therapy