临沂市体检人群EB病毒抗体联合检测结果的临床分析

Analysis and clinical significance of combined test results of Epstein-Barr virus antibody in physical examination population in Linyi City

摘要:

目的 分析体检人群EB病毒相关血清学标志物Rta蛋白IgG抗体(Rta/IgG)、早期抗原IgA抗体(EA/IgA)、衣壳抗原IgA抗体(VCA/IgA)3项抗体的检测结果，为临沂地区鼻咽癌(NPC)的早期筛查和防治提供理论参考。方法 收集2019年10月—2022年10月临沂市人民医院体检中心15 873名体检人员的3项抗体检测结果，按照年龄聚集情况将其分为≤30岁组、31~40岁组、41~50岁组、51~60岁组、≥61岁组，比较各组间3项抗体吸光度值，应用SPSS 26.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 Rta/IgG、EA/IgA、VCA/IgA 3项抗体阳性检出率分别为10.34%、9.96%、19.30%，阳性率差异具有统计学意义(χ²=780.030，P＜0.05)，在不同年龄组段(≤30岁组、31~40岁组、41~50岁组、51~60岁组、≥61岁组)进行比较时，抗体阳性率总体随年龄增大而升高，VCA/IgA(16.76%、18.81%、18.85%、19.06%、31.61%)在不同年龄区间总体阳性率要高于Rta/IgG(8.54%、8.91%、9.89%、11.05%、11.63%)、EA/IgA(7.42%、8.67%、8.87%、9.71%、13.64%)，差异具有统计学意义(χ²=18.957、64.805、16.222，P均＜0.05)；在性别间比较时，Rta/IgG、VCA/IgA在性别间存在差异(χ²=5.479、48.310，P均＜0.05)；在对3项抗体阳性聚集情况进行分析时，其中3项抗体阴性、1项抗体阳性、2项抗体阳性、3项抗体阳性占比分别为(67.27%、26.38%、5.79%、0.56%)，差异具有统计学意义(χ²=23 319.137，P＜0.05)；对249名男性及137名女性高风险人员进行追踪，有1例男性被确诊为NPC。结论 临沂市体检人群EB病毒血清学检测阳性率与年龄及性别有关，对检测结果进行风险评估并对高风险人群进行追踪，有利于NPC的早期筛查和防治。

关键词:鼻咽癌;疱疹病毒4型,人;抗体;患病风险

Abstract:

Objective To provide theoretical references for early screening and prevention of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in Linyi area by analyzing the detection results of three antibodies related to Epstein-Barr (EB) virus serological markers, Rta protein IgG antibody (Rta/IgG), early antigen IgA antibody (EA/IgA), and capsid antigen IgA antibody (VCA/IgA), in the physical examination population. Methods Three antibody test results were collected from 15873 physical examination personnel in the Physical Examination Center of Linyi People’s Hospital from October 2019 to October 2022. According to the age aggregation, they were divided into ≤30 years old group, 31~40 years old group, 41~50 years old group, 51~60 years old group and ≥61 years old group. The three antibody absorbance values were compared among the groups, and statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 26.0 software. Results The positive detection rates of Rta/IgG, EA/IgA, and VCA/IgA antibodies were 10.34%, 9.96%, and 19.30%, respectively, with statistically significant differences (χ²=780.030, P<0.05). When compared in different age groups (≤ 30 years old group, 31~40 years old group, 41~50 years old group, 51~60 years old group, ≥ 61 years old group), the overall antibody positive rate increased with age. The overall positive rates of VCA/IgA (16.76%, 18.81%, 18.85%, 19.06%, 31.61%) in different age groups were higher than those of Rta/IgG (8.54%, 8.91%, 9.89%, 11.05%, 11.63%) and EA/IgA (7.42%, 8.67%, 8.87%, 9.71%, 13.64%), with statistically significant differences (χ²=18.957, 64.805, 16.222, respectively, all P<0.05). Comparisons between genders revealed differences in the positive detection rates of Rta/IgG and VCA/IgA (χ²=5.479, 48.310, respectively, P<0.05). When analyzing the positive aggregation of three antibodies, the proportions of 3 antibodies(-), 1 antibody(+), 2 antibodies(+), and 3 antibodies(+) were 67.27%, 26.38%, 5.79%, and 0.56%, respectively, with statistically significant differences (χ²=23 319.137,P<0.05). A total of 249 male and 137 female high-risk individuals were followed up, and one male was diagnosed with NPC. Conclusion The positive rate of EB virus serological testing in the physical examination population in Linyi City is related to age and gender. Risk assessment of the test results and tracking of high-risk populations are beneficial for early screening and prevention of NPC.

Key words:Nasopharyngeal carcinoma;Herpesvirus 4,Human;Antibody;Risk of disease