外鼻部分缺损的鼻唇沟瓣分区修复方式

Types of nasolabial flap for subdivision repair of partial external nasal defects

摘要:

鼻唇沟皮瓣是常用的局部皮瓣修复方法，可用于修复外鼻缺损。通过选择鼻唇沟区皮肤作为修复材料，可以获得较为满意的面部形态和美学效果，因为该区域的皮肤与邻近的外鼻皮肤在色泽、质地和类型上相似。鼻唇沟皮瓣的分区修复方式包括鼻唇沟推进瓣、易位瓣、折叠瓣、瓦合瓣、岛状瓣和双瓣等。在修复鼻侧面或鼻翼缺损时，根据创面大小可选择推进瓣、易位瓣、瓦合瓣或岛状瓣等方法；针对鼻翼及前鼻孔等部位的洞穿型缺损，可选择鼻唇沟折叠瓣及瓦合瓣；针对鼻下部的组织缺损，可选择鼻唇沟双瓣进行修复。在选择适合的鼻唇沟瓣类型和分区修复方式时，术者需要综合考虑多个因素，包括缺损程度和位置、血供情况、组织可塑性以及术后外观和功能要求等。

关键词:外鼻缺损;鼻唇沟瓣;分区修复;形态;功能

Abstract:

The nasolabial flap is a commonly used local flap for reconstructing nasal defects. By utilizing the skin from the nasolabial region, satisfactory facial contour and aesthetic outcomes can be achieved as the skin in this area is similar in color, texture, and type to the adjacent nasal skin. Various techniques for nasolabial flap reconstruction include advancement flap, transposition flap, folded flap, hinge flap, island flap, and bilobed flap. For repairing defects on the nasal sidewall or ala, techniques such as advancement flap, transposition flap, hinge flap, or island flap can be selected based on the size of the wound. Folded flap and hinge flap can be utilized for through-and-through defects involving the nasal wing and anterior nostril. Bilobed flap is suitable for repairing tissue defects in the lower nasal area. When choosing the appropriate type and technique of nasolabial flap, the surgeon needs to consider multiple factors, including the extent and location of the defect, vascular supply, tissue pliability, as well as postoperative aesthetic and functional requirements.

Key words:External nasal defect;Nasolabial flap;Subdivision repair;Morphology;Function