ATM相关信号通路在鼻咽癌中的作用研究进展

Research progress on the role of ATM-related signaling pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

摘要:

鼻咽癌是一种与EB病毒感染密切相关的头颈部恶性肿瘤，其发病机制尚未完全阐明。放射治疗是鼻咽癌最主要的治疗手段，而放疗抵抗则容易使肿瘤复发或转移并最终导致放疗失败。共济失调毛细血管扩张突变(ATM)基因主要在DNA双键断裂时被激活，可参与调控DNA损伤修复、细胞周期阻滞和凋亡等过程。研究表明，ATM在鼻咽癌发生发展的不同阶段以及治疗干预的过程中发挥不同的作用，并在鼻咽癌的放疗抵抗中扮演着重要的角色。近年来，通过抑制ATM活性来降低放疗抵抗已成为学者们研究的热点。本文就ATM相关信号通路在鼻咽癌中的作用研究进展进行简要综述，为鼻咽癌的治疗提供参考。

关键词:鼻咽癌;共济失调毛细胞血管扩张突变;DNA损伤修复;放疗抵抗

Abstract:

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) is a kind of head and neck malignant tumor closely related to Epstein-Barr virus infection, and its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Radiotherapy is the main treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, while radio-resistance is easy to cause tumor recurrence or metastasis and ultimately lead to radiotherapy failure. Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene is mainly activated when DNA double-strand breaks. ATM can participate in the regulation of DNA damage repair, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Studies have shown that ATM plays different roles in different stages of NPC development and in the process of therapeutic intervention. ATM also plays an important role in the radio-resistance of NPC. In recent years, a method for reducing the radio-resistance of tumors by inhibiting ATM activity has become a research hotspot. This paper briefly reviews the role and research progress of ATM-related signaling pathways in NPC, which will provide reference for the treatment of NPC.

Key words:Nasopharyngeal carcinoma;ATM;DNA damage repair;Radio-resistance