头颈部淋巴水肿的诊治进展

Progress in diagnosis and treatment of head and neck lymphedema

摘要:

头颈部淋巴水肿(HNL)多继发于头颈肿瘤治疗后，症状、体征缺乏特异性，相较于乳腺癌、宫颈癌治疗后继发性淋巴水肿的肿胀程度稍轻。然而，由于头颈部解剖位置的特殊性，其对患者外观、感觉、运动，乃至心理的长期影响较为严重。目前，临床医生对HNL关注较少，缺乏足够的认识，诊治手段及流程尚不规范，且没有完善的诊疗指南用于指导医疗工作，有待学界进一步探究。本文就近年国内外对HNL的诊治进展进行综述，旨在进一步明确HNL的诊治方式。

关键词:头颈部淋巴水肿;纤维化;诊断;治疗

Abstract:

Head and neck lymphedema (HNL) is usually secondary to treatment of head and neck tumor, its symptoms and signs are not typical. Though the degree of swelling is lighter than that of secondary lymphedema after treatment of breast cancer and cervical cancer, due to the particularity of the anatomical position of the head and neck, it has a serious long-term impact on the appearance, sensation, movement and even psychology of patients. At present, clinicians pay little attention to head and neck lymphedema, lack of adequate understanding, diagnosis and treatment methods and procedures are not standardized, and lack of complete diagnosis and treatment guidelines to guide medical work, which still needs to be further explored. This article reviews the progress of diagnosis and treatment of head and neck lymphedema at home and abroad in recent years, in order to further clarify the diagnosis and treatment of head and neck lymphedema.

Key words:Head and neck lymphedema;Fibrosis;Diagnosis;Treatment