NLRP3炎性小体在变应性鼻炎中的作用

Advances in research on the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in allergic rhinitis

摘要:

变应性鼻炎（AR）是一种以免疫球蛋白E （IgE）介导的多种免疫细胞、细胞因子和炎症介质等参与的鼻黏膜非感染性炎性反应性疾病，鼻腔黏膜炎症反应是AR的重要病理机制之一。核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域（NOD）样受体蛋白3（NLRP3）炎性小体活化诱导半胱氨酸蛋白酶1（caspase-1）前体转化，促进炎症细胞因子白介素1β（IL-1β）和白介素18（IL-18）表达，参与AR的炎性级联反应过程，对AR的发生发展起促进作用，应用NLRP3炎性小体相关通路抑制剂可抑制下游炎性细胞因子表达，减轻AR症状。本文围绕NLRP3炎性小体在AR中的作用及调控机制，和适用于AR治疗的NLRP3炎性小体相关通路抑制剂的研究进行综述如下。

关键词:变应性鼻炎;鼻腔黏膜炎症反应;NOD样受体蛋白3;炎性小体;调控机制

Abstract:

Allergic rhinitis is a non-infectious inflammatory disease of nasal mucosa mediated by immunoglobulin E, a variety of immune cells, cytokines and inflammatory mediators, etc. Inflammation of the nasal mucosa is one of the important pathological mechanisms of allergic rhinitis. The activation of NLRP3 (NOD-like receptor protein 3, NLRP3) inflammasome induces the maturation and transformation of caspase-1 precursor. The NLRP3 promotes the expression of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-18(IL-18). The inflammasome activation of NLRP3 is involved in the inflammatory cascade of allergic rhinitis and plays a role in promoting the occurrence and development of allergic rhinitis. The application of the inhibitors related to NLRP3 inflammasome pathway can inhibit the expression of downstream inflammatory cytokines and alleviate the symptoms of allergic rhinitis. This article summarizes the related research on the regulation mechanism of NLRP3 Inflammasomes in allergic rhinitis, and the treatment of allergic rhinitis with the inhibitors of the NLRP3 inflammasome-related pathway.

Key words:Allergic rhinitis;Nasal mucosa inflammation;NLRP3;Inflammasome;Regulatory mechanism