辽阳地区变应性鼻炎患者变应原谱分析

Analysis of allergen spectrum in patients with allergic rhinitis in Liaoyang area

摘要:

目的 调查辽阳地区变应性鼻炎（AR）患者变应原的特点。方法 采用体外特异性变应原检测法对辽阳地区408例AR患者进行血清检测，测定特异性IgE（sIgE），并进行分析。结果 ①408例AR患者行sIgE检测，变应原阳性率前6位的变应原依次是矮豚草/蒿/葎草（39.71%）、户尘螨（37.30%）、念珠/点青/分枝/交链/黑曲霉（24.26%）、刺柏/桦（21.81%）、鸡蛋白（13.00%）、桑（12.75%）；②吸入变应原组sIgE总阳性率为86.7%（354/408），食入变原组sIgE总阳性率为27.2%（111/408）；③单种变应原阳性患者占26.23%（107/408），2种变应原阳性患者占53.68%（219/408），3种变应原阳性患者占10.29%（42/408），4种及以上变应原阳性患者占9.80%（40/408）；④单种变应原阳性AR患者中变应原排序前3位的分别是：矮豚草/蒿/葎草（25/107），念珠/点青/分枝/交链/黑曲霉（21/107），户尘螨（15/107）；2种变应原阳性AR患者中变应原组合排序前3位的是：矮豚草/蒿/葎草与户尘螨（19/219），念珠/点青/分枝/交链/黑曲霉与户尘螨（18/219），念珠/点青/分枝/交链/黑曲霉与矮豚草/蒿/葎草（16/219）。结论 矮豚草等植物花粉、尘螨类、霉菌类为辽阳地区主要变应原。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the characteristics of allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) in Liaoyang area.Methods Serum specific IgE (sIgE) was detected in 408 AR patients in Liaoyang area by the method of in vitro specific allergen detection.Results ①Serum samples from 408 AR patients were detected. The top six allergens in order of the positive rate were ambrosia/artemisia/humulus (39.71%), house dust mite (37.30%),rosa/dianqing/branch/cross chain/aspergillus niger (24.26%), juniper/birch (21.81%), egg white (13.00%), and mulberry (12.75%); ②The total positive rate of sIgE for the inhalation allergen was 86.7% (354/408) and that for the ingestion allergen was 27.2% (111/408); ③Patients with single positive allergen accounted for 26.23% (107/408), 2 kinds of positive allergens accounted for 53.68% (219/408), 3 kinds accounted for 10.29% (42/408), and 4 or more kinds accounted for 9.80% (40/408); ④The top three allergens in AR patients with single positive allergen were dwarf ragweed/Artemisia/Humulus (25/107), rosa/dianqing/branch/cross chain/aspergillus niger (21/107), house dust mite (15/107). The top three allergen combinations in AR patients with 2 kinds of positive allergens were dwarf ragweed/Artemisia/humulus and house dust mite (19/219), rosa/dianqing/branch/chain/aspergillus niger and house dust mite (18/219), rosa/dianqing/branch/cross chain/aspergillus niger and dwarf ragweed/artemisia/humulus (16/219).Conclusion Pollen of porpoise and other plants, dust mites and molds are the most predominant allergens in AR patients in Liaoyang area.