Abstract:Objective To investigate the expression and correlation of pyroptosis related factors Capase1, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC). Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of Capase1, IL-1β and IL-18 in 11 tumor tissues and 9 adjacent tissues(2 cases without matching paracancerous tissues) of patients with HSCC. Results The expression levels of Capase1, IL-1β and IL-18 in tumor tissues were higher than those in adjacent tissues (P<0.05) by analysis of rank sum test. The expression of Capase1 was significantly positively correlated with the expression of IL-1β and IL-18 in tumor tissues (all P<0.05),which was greater than 0.6 by analysis of Spearman rank correlation. Conclusion Cell pyroptosis is involved in the biological process of HSCC.The factors associated with pyroptosis may be targets for the treatment of hypopharyngeal carcinoma.