男性基层官兵阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征危险因素分析

Analysis of risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome among male grassroots officers and soldiers

摘要:

目的探讨驻地基层官兵阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS) 的发病率及其相关危险因素，为该病的防治提供依据。方法对收回有效问卷的3 634名男性驻地基层官兵进行分析。对打鼾≥2级和(或)Epworth嗜睡量表(ESS)评分≥9分者172例可疑患者，进行至少1次≥7 h 的夜间PSG 监测。根据检查结果分为OSAHS组和单纯鼾症组（非OSAHS组）。对年龄、颈围、腰围、体重指数（BMI）、上气道异常、打鼾家族史、吸烟情况、饮酒情况、高脂血症和ESS评分等12个因素与OSAHS发生的关系进行单因素方差分析和多因素Logistic回归分析。结果172 例患者中OSAHS 者为146例，占鼾症患者的84.88%，为调查人群的4.0%。经单因素方差分析表明：打鼾家族史、年龄、BMI、颈围、腹围、上气道异常和高脂血症是OSAHS发生的危险因素(P＜0.05)；多因素Logistic回归分析，打鼾家族史、年龄、吸烟史、颈围、腹围和上气道异常是OSAHS发生的独立危险因素。结论有打鼾家族史、年龄大、颈围、腹围增粗、长期吸烟及上气道异常为基层官兵OSAHS的危险因素，应在征兵及工作保障中针对危险因素采取有效的防治措施。

关键词:阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征|发病率|危险因素|流行病学

Abstract:

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) among grassroots officers and soldiers so as to provide basis for the prevention and treatment of this disease.MethodsAn analysis was made among 3 634 male grassroots officers and soldiers who returned valid questionnaires. 172 suspicious patients with snoring ≥ 2 and (or) Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) score ≥ 9 were selected and underwent night polysomnography (PSG) at least once. According to the PSG results, all the 172 patients were divided into two groups: OSAHS group, simple snoring group (nonOSAHS group). Data including age, body mass index (BMI), neck circumference, abdominal circumference, abnormality of upper airway, family history of snoring, smoking history, history of drinking, hyperlipidemia and ESS score were collected and processed. Their relationships with OSAHS were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsOSAHS was confirmed by PSG in 146 of the 172 cases (84.88%), accounting for 4% of the survey population. Univariate analysis showed that family history of snoring, age, BMI, neck circumference, abdominal circumference, abnormal upper airway and hyperlipidemia were risk factors of OSAHS (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that family history of snoring, age, smoking history, neck circumference, abdominal circumference and abnormal upper airway were independent risk factors for OSAHS.ConclusionsFamily history of snoring, age, increased neck circumference and abdominal circumference, longterm smoking as well as abnormal upper airway are risk factors for OSAHS in male grassroots officers and soldiers. Effective strategy on the prevention and treatment of OSAHS should be performed in the conscription and daily security work.

Key words:Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome|Prevalence|Risk factor|Epidemiology