Abstract:Abstract: Objective To study the expression of Tolllike receptor (TLR)4 and TLR9 mRNA and its significance in hypertrophy of palatine tonsil in children with allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods Reversetranscriptase polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) was used for determining the expression of TLR4, TLR9 mRNA in the specimens of palatine tonsil from children with AR (n=20), chronic sinusitis (n=20) and healthy children (n=20) without any nose diseases as control. Results The expression of both TLR-4, TLR-9 mRNA got enhanced in the specimens of AR group. The expression of TLR4 mRNA in AR group and chronic sinusitis group was more predominant than that in the control group (P<0.05), while the differnce between the former two groups was also statistically significant (P<0.05). The expression of TLR9 mRNA in AR group was stronger than those of the chronic sinusitis group and the control group (P<0.05), while the differnce between the later two groups was statistically insignificant (P>0.05). Conclusion TLR-4, TLR-9 may play an important role in tonsillar hypertrophy in children with AR.